Dark matter and dark energy don't exist.

CONJECTURE ABOUT  THE QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT  BETWEEN PARALLELSUNIVERSES  

String theory approximates the theory of the whole (the unification of the explanation of microscopic and macroscopic 

phenomena), in other words, it binds relativity and quantum mechanics by agreeing to them, but they are theories, whose
conclusions are not can be demonstrated experimentally in the lab.

The equations that account for the movement of galaxies and the expansion of the universe need 24.96%  more ordinary 
matter and 71.04% more energy, in order to have a solution according to observation and that's why we have invented these exact percentages of dark matter and dark energy (both so far undetectable)

Many intellectual and economic resources have been used, trying to detect particles of matter and energy, which have 
been invented to square the solution of equations.

Both dark energy and matter are more or less, the modern intellectual approach, to what was the ether in the nineteenth century. 

Let's look at speculation (an example among other possibilities), which states that there may be alternatives to current 
cosmological theories.

CONJECTURE ON THE QUANTUM  ENTANGLEMENT BETWEEN PARALLEL UNIVERSES 
This conjecture is based on the BigBang (supported in turn in the detection of the microwave background radiation), 

the existence of parallel universes evolving differently over time (hypothesis) and Macroscopic quantum entanglement.

It states that both matter and dark energy do not need to be invented (today its existence is another conjecture),

to justify our universe and resolve, for example, the inconsistency between the relative movement of clusters of 
galaxies, or the movement of these in the clusters and their observed masses.

Based on this conjecture and the existence of two parallel universes (Arising from the initial singularity, two

original singularities are born, which after its expansion give rise to two U_C and U_E universes, we will

demonstrate five hypotheses to know:

1)-The no need for dark matter and energy, to explain the dynamics of the universe

2)-the Big Bang, will never happen again

3)-The two universes are co-existing and concentric and are the same age

4)The two U_C and U_E universes, regarded as two primal singularities (as two original black holes), have the same radius of Schwarzschild Rs = 2GM/c² = 3.44x10²⁴ km = 3.64x10¹¹ light-years

5)-Our U_E universe (and the other U_C) are infinite, just like any other universe we can invent.

Let's start with hypothesis 1, in which demonstration and analysis, are arguments that serve the remaining hypotheses. To explain the universe as we understand it today, we rely on a known physical fact, "quantum entanglement," which has been demonstrated through several experiments, with pairs of electrons separated by kilometres, or with other pairs or groups of different types of particles, such as photons, or with two diamonds connected by this strange quantum phenomenon. We work with the hypothesis that there is a parallel universe in U_C contraction, which coexists with our universe (in which we live), which is the expanding U_E universe, that corresponds to the observable universe (Who is within the Hubble sphere plus the one outside this sphere, was within or relatively close to its border so that the light from that part crosses that border and has reached up Us.

Macroscopic quantum entanglement between two parallel universes is physically possible because both universes are isotropic and homogeneous.

The simple entanglement between two points, one in each universe, extends to all points of those universes, by addition point by point, for all the points that were previously part of a single system (we explain it later) and this for all fields of both universes, implying the overlapping and addition of all the effects that those fields produce.

We are talking about electromagnetic fields, gravitational fields, pure energy etc. We accept the Big Bang theory as one of the bases for these hypotheses. At first, it was a singularity, a point without dimensions, containing an infinite amount of mass-energy, in a pre-existing space-time. The total mass plus energy contained in this initial singularity is 
M _TOTAL = M _{Gravitational Total} + E_{nergy Total}  where

M _{Gravitational Total} = 26% of M _Total              

And  E_nergy Total = 74% of  M _Total

I take into account the totality of mass and energy as a whole, using as a single unit the electronvolt/c², to talk about that unique mass-energy concept, in the development of the first part of this conjecture. At a certain moment, right in the BigBang of primal singularity, but at 10^-43 seconds (Planck time), there was a division
into two singularities, each of which, began its evolution separately, with different amount of mass-energy contained in each universe and with different constants and modes of expansion.

We can compare this process with faulty cellular mitosis, in a which each new cell contains a different number 
of chromosomes, (universal cancer?)

The initial singularity "exploded" into two original universes

Thus, the divided singularity gave rise to two geometrically symmetrical U_C And U_E universes (for simplicity, we will consider that both universes have spherical geometry), but with asymmetry in the settings of the different constants and with different contained amounts of mass-energy (different amounts of gravitational mass and energy)

I highlight here a rather clear expression of the "ANTROPIC PRINCIPLE" "If certain conditions for our existence are to be checked in the Universe, these conditions are verified as we exist."

Given this principle, it can be said that it seems very likely that in the U_C universe, there is no kind of life similar to one 
of those, we know in our universe because the fine adjustment of the different constants in U_E  is unique and is the one
 that has allowed the development of life (especially the one we describe as intelligent life), as we know it and that adjustment, being different in U_C, makes life as we know it, impossible in this universe.

At this time, it can be said, it seems very likely that in the U_C universe, there is no kind of life similar to one of those, we know in our universe, because of the fine adjustment of the different constants in U_E is unique and is the one that has allowed the development of life (especially the one we describe as intelligent life), as we know it and that adjustment, being different in U_C,  makes life as we know it impossible in this universe.

It happened that both U_C (currently shrinking) and U_E (in which we, our now expanding universe) appeared at 
10-⁴³ seconds, but were initially one (the initial singularity).

Quantum entanglement predicts that "if two systems are part of a single system for "initial" time and then separated, we can describe them as separate systems, but in some subtle way, they always exist as a single system.

Since both universes were initially one, they were part of a single system and are now quantum-connected. The information, not transmitted at infinite speed from one universe to the other, because of this would violate the principle that the maximum speed of the universe is c (speed of light in the void), the information happens in both universes at once, because, by quantum entanglement, are one.  Facts, information, are not transmitted between U_C and U_E happen only once and at the same time, there is no transmission of information between universes. What happens in one universe, happens simultaneously in the other and since the characteristics and properties of matter and energy existing in both are equal, the gravitational force attractive or repulsive, a consequence of the same kind of mass-energy, either between particles, black holes or galaxies, it overlaps each other in both universes, due to their connection by quantum entanglement.

It happens that both universes coexist in the same space-time (they are two concentric spherical universes, which we can imagine as something like this (1) or as (2)

                   (1)                                                                                                                  

(2)

(image (2) borrowed from the public internet)

but we can not detect the universe, because of its high-density of gravitational mass, the space-time in it is folded on itself and its dimensions disappear for any experiment and measuring instrument, which instead we can use in our U_E universe.

For this reason, it is impossible to make contact with this other U_C universe. Our instruments and experiments cannot detect directly in U_C or any of its constants and any variable value, because for our instruments, there is no dimension in this universe, through which we can apply our technology to perform a measurement. Let us look at the evolutionary development of the initial singularity, which we have established, to the 10^-43 sec. 
of the Big Bang, was divided into two singularities, which were the origin of the two U_C and U_E universes and which, among other differences in their evolution, suppose that the first U_C, took 96% of the total M _TOTAL of the total mass-energy present in the initial singularity and that, therefore, the U_E universe, was created with the remaining 4%.

Thus Total Mass in Total Gravitational Mass and Total Energy

are distributed and these, in turn, are divided according

to the percentages recorded in each Universe.

M _TOTAL = M _{Gravitational Total} + E_nergy Total   and in which each adding, is in turn, the sum of the gravitational masses and  energies present in each universe is

M _{Gravitational Total} =  M _{Gravitational}  at U_C + M _{Gravitational}  at U_E

E _{Total energy}  = E_nergy in U_C + E_nergy in U_E but in a way that

The energy in U_E = 2.96%  of E_nergy Total (U_E has gravitational mass and a "small" amount of pure energy,
has hardly the energy responsible  for the  accelerated expansion of the universe)

So: if the total mass-energy in the initial singularity was M_total and the one contained in U_C is 0.96 x M _total than the

one contained in U_E = 0.04 x M _total

Both universes, followed their expansion, each with its particular constants and modes of expansion, so that at U_C,

at 10^-22sec., part of the repulsive energy, began to transform, generating a particle similar to a Higgs Boson (but with a

rate of very small generation), which was giving mass particles an exclusively gluonic character, so that after

6,900 x 10⁶ years, a critical gluonic mass was reached in U_C  that abruptly changed the expansive state to a state

of contraction. Thus 6,900 x 10⁶ years later (That is, at 13,800 x 10⁶ years, the current age of the two universes),

the radius of both, have reached the same current value, this is 46,500 x 10⁶ light-years.

From now on(the present moment when the two universes have the same radius), the two universes continue to evolve in total coherent quantum entanglement but continue with two distinct Hubble constants. Today, Hubble's constant in the 
U_E universe is about 73 km/sec./Mpc. and decreasing, while for U_C, its current value is 3 Km/sec./Mpc but growing. If evolution continues as before, there will come a moment, in a few billion years more, Hubble's constants of both universes, will reach the same value, passing both by zero their sign and changing thereafter, with a Hubble positive constant and growing for U_C and on the contrary negative for U_E and declining and starting again.

The signs of Hubble's constant change at times of evolution when it is positive (growing universe), some critical value of gluconic matter is reached and expansion stops, starting a contraction (negative Hubble constant) and similarly,

in a similar way, in a shrinking universe comes an instant when the energy density reaches a critical value,

which paralyzes the contraction.

It has been estimated that the total gravitational mass in U_E is 9.27x10⁵² kg (which as we have seen, it is almost the

the only component of mass-energy in this observable universe), which represents 1.04% of the total mass M _Total so,

if there has to be 24.96% more gravitational mass a, which was taken by Uc at the time of division (from the

the appearance of the two initial singularities), then the gravitational mass of 

U_C is 24.96/1.04 x 9.27x10⁵² kg = 2.22 x 10⁵⁴ kg

As M _{Gravitational Total} = M _{Gravitational} in U_C + M _{Gravitational} in U_E = 2.22 x 10⁵⁴ kg+9.27x10⁵² Kg = 2.31x10⁵⁴ Kg

M _{Gravitational} in U_C + M _{Gravitational} in U_E

Let's remember that:1eV/c² = 1,783x10^-36 kg      1eV = 1,596x10^-19 Jul        1Jul = 6,242x10¹⁸eV

so using E=Mc² we calculate that M _{Gravitational Total}=2.31x10⁵⁴ Kg, equivalent to 1,295x10⁹⁰ eV/c² and this is 
26% of M _Total so if

M _Total=M _{Gravitational Total}+  E_nergy Total , we can write that M _Total = (1,295x10⁹⁰ eV/c²) /0.26) = 4.98 x 10⁹⁰ eV/c²

In Uc, when the density of gravitational mass, reaches

ρU_C = M _{Gravitational in} U_C /4/3 π × (1,6 x 10^-35)³ Kg/m³= 2,22 x 10⁵⁴ kg/4/3 π × (1,6 x 10^-35)³ m³ = 1,29 x 10¹⁵⁸ kg/m³

reverses the contraction and begins the expansion just at the moment when the contraction has led to the U_C universe, up to a radius

equal to Planck's length. Probably, because at that distance, the energy density, acts on gravity,
changing its sign and allowing the beginning of the expansion. The Big Crunch is unattainable for U_C, 

so it cannot go back to the initial singularity and therefore there can be no new Big Bang.

Both universes, going through situations close to the Big Bang and the Big Crunch, alternatively (in a pendulum evolution for each universe) and in a number of cycles that we estimate can be infinite. If the current radius of the two universes is 46,500 x 10⁶ light-years, the U_C mass-energy density in is :

ρU_C = 0.96 x M _total /4/3 π × (46.500 × 10⁶)³.

and the mass-energy density in U_E is.

ρU_E = 0.04 × M _total /4/3 π × (46.500 × 10⁶)³.

So the quotient  ρU_C/ρU_E = 0.96 M _total /4/3 π × (46.500 × 10⁶) /0.04 × M _total /4/3 π x (46.500 × 10⁶)³ = 0.96/0.04 = 24

On the basis of the ρU_C/ρU_E = 24, fact that the current mass-energy density in U_C, the current mass-energy density is 24 times

the mass density in the U_E and although due to the folding of the U_C dimensions we cannot detect this fact, quantum entanglement,

produces a coherence between the two universes and point by point, the attractive mass effects and the repulsive of energy, are complemented at the same time between U_C and U_E.

WHAT IS ADDED, SUPERPOSED, COMPLEMENTED, NOT THE MASSOR ENERGY, IF NOT ITS EFFECT, IS TO SAY,

THE GRAVITATIONAL ATTRACTION CREATED BY THE MASS IN EACH UNIVERSE AND THE EXPANSIVEREPULSIONCREATED BY THE ENERGY, IN EACH UNIVERSE.

At each P_i point of the expanding U_E universe, there is an amount of mass-energy m_i (always measured in electron volt to handle only one unit) that represents only 4% of the amount of mass-energy required to explain the observed dynamics of the bodies (planets, stars, galaxies, a cluster of galaxies and black holes etc.), as well as the same expansion detected in the U_E. 96% mass-energy is missing so that the equations that explain that dynamic can be fulfilled.

But it happens that for every P_i point in the U_E universe, there is another P'_i point in the U_C universe that is connected by quantum entanglement with P_i. But according to the highlights in the simple calculations above, since the mass-energy density of ρU_C at each point, P'_i of U_C is 24 times that of the P_i point (which only has 4% of the mass-energy necessary), so by entanglement between the P_i and P'_i points,  P_i has reached the density of 4% that it already has, plus the one provided by the existing one in P'_i, which is 24 times larger than that of P_i, this is 4% x 24 = 96%, necessary so that together with the 4% that it already has, the required density of 100% is reached and vice versa for the P'_i point, which is missing by the 4% it is given by the mass-energy density contained in P_i.

Let us clarify that this is possible since both universes are homogeneous and isotropic and that by being geometrically equal (having evolved maintaining an exact geometric pair, regardless of its physical constants and its mass-energy content), each P_i point in U_E is equivalent to each  P'_i point in U_C so every black hole, galaxy or star that exists in one universe, there is also on the other, only with a mass-energy density 24 times higher in U_C than U_E. Each universe is the concentric specular image of the other, but with celestial bodies in U_C, 24 times heavier (in terms of mass-energy measured in electron volt) than geometrically equal U_E bodies.

The force of gravitational attraction, such as space-time deformation and repulsion due to energy, are point-to-point a quantum overlap, between the two universes (both universes complement each other point-to-point, mass-energy), so we can conclude, that Einstein's field equations are resolute and coherent, without the need to invent the undetectable dark mass and energy, which do not exist.

Given the quantum entanglement between the two universes, the mass-energy amounts are the same for both and it will suffice to consider that the amount of energy is E _total and adjust the cosmological constant Λ  (which is understood as the energy density, which is not lacking to nothing, if we use the total energy value E _total and Einstein's field equations, they will be fulfilled, without the need for dark mass and energy.

It should be noted here, that if the Anthropic Principle says"If certain conditions are to be checked in the Universe for 

our existence, those conditions are verified as we exist", we can establish a "UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLE", which 
indicates that, if certain conditions for their existence, as we detect it, are to be verified in the Universes, such conditions are verified, since the universes (certainly our U_E) exist, just as we observe (we can only observe U_E) and 
they have nothing left, they don't lack anything, because otherwise, they would not exist and neither would we and 
the ANTROPIC PRINCIPLE would not make sense" The universes, therefore, have everything they need to exist as

 they exist and have it because they are complemented by quantum entanglement, to have a single unique value of

 M_TOTAL= M _{Gravitational Total} +  E_{nergy Total,} equal for both universes

Demonstration of hypothesis 2)-The Big Bang (the appearance of the initial original singularity, (was creation,?), would never happen again since it would be reached, once the initial singularity was recovered, which would mean that it would have reached the Big Crunch, which already we have seen that it is unattainable.

Demonstration of hypothesis 3)-

The two coexisting and concentric universes, are the same age. Indeed, if the density of mass-energy (but now let us look at only, in the gravitational mass part M, which we will call from here 
M _universe, it is at U_C, 26.8/4.9=5,46 times higher than in the U_E, according to the  general relativity, the time 
should pass in U_C slower than in U_E according to the formula

(1)     

In which 𝚫 t^´= t^´- t^´₀, is  the time variation  (the number of time units elapsed between t'₀ and t')for an observer 0' located in the gravitational

field of the mass M, which is less than the time variation (fewer units time pass, or time passes more slowly) than for an observer away from the gravitational field of mass M, for which the time variation is 𝚫t = t - t₀, proving  evident that 

𝚫t^´ < ^𝚫t. Clocks in M's gravitational field, beat fewer seconds, slow down.

In the formula, in addition to the mass M, there is the gravitational constant G,  the R distance of the O's observer, to the centre of masses of M, and the speed of light c.

But the delay in the course of time itself in the U_C universe relative to that of the U_E does not manifest, nor the advancement of the U_E over that of  U_C since, due to the macroscopic quantum entanglement between the two universes, the mass M of the formula (1), is the same for the two universes, that is, M _universe (only gravitational mass, not mass-energy), so that for both U_C and U_E universes,

M _universe = M _{gravitational universe} U_C + M _{gravitational universe} U_E and consequentially   𝚫t^´ = 𝚫t

The age of the two universes is the same (there is no gravitational paradox of the twins)

Demonstration of hypothesis 4)- The two universes have the same radius of Schwarzschild R_s = 2GM/c² = 3.44x10²⁴ Km.

It has been estimated that the gravitational mass (not mass-energy) of the universe in which we measure and live, is M _Universe = 9.27x10⁵² kg. But we already know that this mass is only a part of the gravitational mass necessary to explain the dynamic behaviour of the universe and that the total necessary is M _{Total Gravitational} = 2,097x10⁵³ Kg

since the total gravitational mass to consider is the sum of the gravitational masses of both universes, which are added in all their effects, by quantum entanglement, so, if we consider it concentrated in the initial singularity as if from a black hole origin was and we make the correction of the mass of the universe to consider, this is

M _{universe to consider} = 2.31 x 10⁵⁴ Kg

which is the mass of each universe, by overlap (by quantum entanglement) in each of them, of the gravitational mass of both.

for each universe (every black hole), Schwarzschild's radius turns out to be

R_s = 2GM/c² = 3.44x10²⁴ Km.

where: G = 6.67x10^–11 m³/kg seg²        M _{universe to be considered} = 2.31 x 10⁵⁴ Kg          C = 299.792.458 m/sec.

One light-year is 9.461x10¹² Km

If we divide the radius of Schwarzschild from the initial singularity R_s = 2GM/c² = 3.44x10²⁴ Km., between the km that has a light year, that is: R_s /9,461x10¹² Km/light-tear we get Rs = 3.64x10¹¹ light-years

We have already seen in our hypotheses, that currently, the radius of both U_C and U_E universes is 46,500 x 10⁶ light-years, which means that if the radius of Schwarzschild for those universes, as the horizon of events of the two initial singularities, that arise by the Instant division (in 10^-43 sec.) of the initial singularity, for an expanding universe, this is currently the case of U_E, such the expansion will end irretrievably when reaching the radius R_s. If we find the difference between the radius of Schwarzschild and the current radius of the universes, we get 364,432,4x10⁶ – 46,500 x 10⁶ = 317.930x10⁶ light-years, which remain to expand in radial size both universes, until it reaches the radius of Schwarzschild.

In the universal evolution, at the current rate of expansion, it has taken 13,800x10⁶ years (which is the age of the universes), to reach the current radius of 46,500 x 10⁶ light-years, so if 317,930x10⁶ light-years are missing to reach R_s and if the expansion is decelerating,  we can assume that between 100,000x10⁶ and 180,000x10⁶ years may be missing. But well before reaching the theoretical limit of universal expansion R_s will have reached the amounts of gluconic matter, to begin to decrease the rate of expansion, slowly compensating, the expansion caused by pure energy. Thus, we can conclude that the expansion of a universe is stopped, just at the moment R_s is reached and Hubble's constant immediately changes from positive to negative.

Although the two universes are now far from the singularity in which they began, it can be considered, that if their geometry is spherical and homogeneous and isotropic, we can treat them as if they were the primal black holes, with its entire gravitational mass, concentrated in the centre of each universal sphere and analyse its behaviour, with its horizon of events, which does not allow to be exceeded by anything, in the direction of the centre of mass to outside of that horizon of events. So it seems obvious, that beyond R_s, a universe cannot expand, for it would be partly outside that radius, that limits his the horizon of events, from which even light cannot escape (although we already know from Hawking, who gradually escapes cold radiation from the black hole). In addition, for this particular case of primal black holes, which are the two initial singularities (arising by mitosis of the initial unique singularity), it happens that beyond Rs, there is nothing and then, where will matter and energy go? When they came out by evaporation (Hawking radiation) of the original hole corresponding to each subsequent U_C and U_E universe.

But in this reflection, a paradox arises, because if according to Hawking, little by little, the radiation escapes from the black hole and in spite of everything, the information stored in that black hole, is not lost, in this particular case, if the information goes to nothing, is it lost?  or not. And, in fact, if something comes out to the nothing, nothing is nothing anymore, because it has matter and information. Another thing is if nothingness, it deals with something little by little, turning part of the nothing into nothing and keeping the rest as long as nothing. Are the universes, floating in nothingness, contained in nothingness?

Demonstration of hypothesis 5: As a consequence that nothing can exceed Schwarzschild's radius, except Hawking's radiation, we have seen that if the universe is finite, it is because it is floating in nothingness and in that case, the information coming out of the primordial black hole, which is every universe, would go to nothing, it would be lost, which contradicts one of the most powerful laws of quantum physics, "information is never lost". This leads us to the fact that nothing can exist, otherwise, slowly, Hawking's radiation would stop with the information it transports and when it comes to nothing, it would be lost, violating the principle of the non-disappearance of the information. The only solution is that nothing that surrounds the universes does exist, so the universes can only be infinite, have no border (they surround themselves and each other).